java开发https请求ssl不受信任问题的分析与解决方法

Java开发中https请求SSL不可靠问题分析及解决方案.ValidatorException: PKIX pathbuilding failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException:cannot find validcertificatepathonrequestedtarget

原因是没有证书。可以直接在浏览器中访问 URL。浏览器之前应该已经保存了相应的.cer证书。

有两种解决方案，从目标机器获取有效证书或忽略证书信任问题。

1。从目标机器

1获取有效证书。编译安装证书程序javac InstallCert.java（代码如下）

/* 
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 
 * are met: 
 * 
 *  - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 * 
 *  - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 
 * 
 *  - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its 
 *   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived 
 *   from this software without specific prior written permission. 
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS 
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR 
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, 
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, 
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR 
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF 
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING 
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS 
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 
 */
/** 
 *  
 * Use: 
 * java InstallCert hostname 
 * Example: 
 *% java InstallCert ecc.fedora.redhat.com 
 */
import javax.net.ssl.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
/** 
 * Class used to add the server's certificate to the KeyStore 
 * with your trusted certificates. 
 */
public class InstallCert {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		String host;
		int port;
		char[] passphrase;
		if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
			String[] c = args[0].split(":");
			host = c[0];
			port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : (c[1]);
			String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
			passphrase = ();
		} else {
			("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
			return;
		}
		File file = new File("jssecacerts");
		if (() == false) {
			char SEP = File.separatorchar;
			File dir = new File(("") + SEP 
			          + "lib" + SEP + "security");
			file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
			if (() == false) {
				file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
			}
		}
		("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
		InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
		KeyStore ks = (());
		(in, passphrase);
		();
		SSLContext context = ("TLS");
		TrustManagerFactory tmf = 
		        (());
		(ks);
		X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) ()[0];
		SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
		(null, new TrustManager[]{
			tm
		}
		, null);
		SSLSocketFactory factory = ();
		("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
		SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) (host, port);
		(10000);
		try {
			("Starting SSL handshake...");
			();
			();
			();
			("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
		}
		catch (SSLException e) {
			();
			();
		}
		X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
		if (chain == null) {
			("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
			return;
		}
		BufferedReader reader = 
		        new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader());
		();
		("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
		();
		MessageDigest sha1 = ("SHA1");
		MessageDigest md5 = ("MD5");
		for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
			X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
			 
			          (" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + ());
			("  Issuer " + ());
			(());
			("  sha1  " + toHexString(()));
			(());
			("  md5   " + toHexString(()));
			();
		}
		("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
		String line = ().trim();
		int k;
		try {
			k = (() == 0) ? 0 : (line) - 1;
		}
		catch (NumberFormatException e) {
			("KeyStore not changed");
			return;
		}
		X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
		String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
		(alias, cert);
		OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
		(out, passphrase);
		();
		();
		(cert);
		();
		 
		        ("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '" 
		            + alias + "'");
	}
	private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
	private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder( * 3);
		for (int b : bytes) {
			b &= 0xff;
			(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
			(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
			(' ');
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
	private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
		private final X509TrustManager tm;
		private X509Certificate[] chain;
		SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
			this.tm = tm;
		}
		public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}
		public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) 
		        throws CertificateException {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}
		public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) 
		        throws CertificateException {
			this.chain = chain;
			tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
		}
	}
}

2.运行安装证书程序生成证书，上面的证书获取程序中为：443，密码为：changeit

3。在运行提示符下输入1并回车，即可在当前目录下生成名为：jssecacerts的证书

将证书放置在$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下。记住JDK jre是项目使用的环境！ ！ ！

或者：

("", "您的jssecacerts证书路径");

您可以更改密码并在安全目录下运行命令

keytool -storepasswd -new xxxcom -keystorecacerts 您可以更改密码。更改后，使用命令

keytool -list -v -keystore cacerts

查看文件信息。系统将提示您输入密码才能查看。如果输入的密码与修改后的密码一致，则修改成功。

PS：到目前为止SSL可以通过这种方式成功使用。另外，根据刚才生成的文件jssecacerts，可以生成cer文件。

命令如下

keytool -export -alias xxx.com-1 -keystore jssecacerts -rfc -file xxx.cer

如上，上一个工具类中默认的名称别名为“ - 1”。 InstallCert设置的密码必须与cacerts文件中的密码一致。

如果更改了密码，则必须更改InstallCert类中相应的密码字符串。否则会出现如下异常：

java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException: 密码验证失败

2。忽略证书信任问题

源代码：

在创建连接之前一定要调用文章中描述的方法，像这样：

trustAllHttpsCertificates();
HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier() { 
    public boolean verify(String urlHostName, SSLSession session) { 
      return true; 
    } 
  };
(hv);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) ();

好吧，两种方法都试过了，有效。